词典词条 · 问答

weapon/weaponry

The crossbow is a medieval weaponry built in such a way as to give it greater strength than A B C D

an ordinary bow. (TOEFL)

答案规定 A(weaponry) 为错误。难道 weaponry 不是一个单数名词吗?为什么不能用不定冠词?

英语里有一些名词是表示一类事物的总称的,例如:personnel(人员),poetry(诗),machinerysceneryjewelry。这些名词不能加-s 表示复数,也不能与不定冠词连用。weaponry 也属于这类名词。这类名词都有其相对应的表个体的名词:weaponpersonpoemmachinescenejewel

请做下面的试题:

We have ____.

A. a piece of jewelry B. a bar of jewelry C. a little bit of jewelry D. a jewelry wear 1^{1}

This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen ____ comfortably.

A. is worn B. wears C. wearing D. are worn(全国四级,00.1-47)

《大学英语四六级考试全真试题集详解》(航空工业出版社, p. 159) 对上题作了如下的解释:

wear 在此处作‘穿、戴’的意思,应该用一般现在时的主动语态,表示一般的事实、特征。如:The sun rises in the east. Children wear new clothes on New Year's Day.” 请问上题中的 wearChildren wear new clothes on New Year's Day. 中的 wear 用法相同吗?

该书作者把 wear 的两种不同的用法混为一谈了。该书例句中 wear 是个及物动词,作“穿”“戴”“留着”解:

I wear glasses for reading. 我看书要戴眼镜。

而试题中的 wear 则是一个形式主动、意义被动的动词。其特征是: 主语是表物的词语, 只能带状语, 决不会带宾语。可用作形式主动、意义被动的动词还有: read, write, open, shut, lock, blow, wash, sell, cut, peel, photograph, cook 等, 见 notional passives

[试题句意]这种由经验丰富的工匠制造的眼镜戴起来很舒服。

My shoes are worn out.

上句中的 are worn out 是被动语态吗?

不能见到 be + 过去分词就认为是被动语态。它除了用作被动语态之外,还可用作连系动词 + 表语结构。区分方法:被动语态表示动作(动态过程),而连系动词 + 表语表示状态(静止状态,不涉及起点和终点)。上面的句子表示的是状态,应分析为连系动词 + 表语结构。再如:

This machine is worn out and will have to be replaced. 这台机器磨损了, 得换新的了。请做下面的英语试题:

  1. Wore out by hunger and tiredness, the fisherman did not get to the coast until midnight. (上海高考,90)

  2. The stockings are so ____ that they can't be mended any more. A. taken off B. worn out C. pulled on D. thrown away

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