原书主词条 · 4 个连续词条

some

原书 PDF 第 1402—1403

some1

some + 单数可数名词

在大作《英语常见问题解答大词典》(第四版,2003,p.513)中有一个例句:

There has to be some mistake. 这里一定有错误。”

mistake 是个可数名词,所以这里应当加复数后缀-s,即用 mistakes。不知您是否同意我的意见?

应当记住,从语法上说,用作形容词的 some 除可修饰复数可数名词之外,亦可修饰单数形式的不可数名词和可数名词。从词义上说,some 修饰单数可数名词时,其词义为“某个”“某种”,而不是“一些”。例如,some day, some place, some reason, some girl 等等。由此可以证明,你所提到句子并没有什么错误。请看下面一些类似的实例:

  1. Some child had been caught stealing. 有一个小孩被人发现偷东西。

  2. She was hunting for some book that she's lost. 她在找她丢失的一本书。

  3. There must be some mistake,said Dr Baker. 贝克博士说:“一定是出了什么差错。”

  4. I hope you will find time to come in and see me some afternoon. 我希望你能找到时间在某个下午来看我。

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-8.md · 743764PDF:第 1402 页 · some 1-2

some2

We often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret which has been concealed from strangers for years. (New Concept English, Book 3, L. 24)

[原译1]我们常常在小说中读到,一个表面上体面高尚的人或家庭有着一些对外人隐瞒了多年的可怕的秘密。(上海科技文献出版社版,p.126)

[原译2]我们经常在小说里读到,一个外表看起来很受人尊敬的人或家庭,多年来一直隐藏着一些不为外人所知的可怕的秘密。(朗文出版公司、世界图书出版公司1993年版,p.111)

请问 some secret 可以译为“一些秘密”吗?

some 用在复数名词之前时表示不确定的数量,可译为“一些”“有一些”;some 用在单数可数名词之前时表示不确定性,可译为“某一”“某种”。例如:

  1. Some day he will get his scholarship. (CGEL) 总有一天他会获得奖学金的。

  2. I hope you will find time to come in and see me some afternoon. (Dreiser) 我希望你能找到时间在某个下午来看我。

  3. There must be some reason for what he's done. 他这样做肯定有某种理由。

  4. He's living at some place in East Africa. (LDCE) 他正生活在东非某地。

  5. She thought that the rain would have some creative and wonderful effect on her body. 她认为雨对于她的身体会产生某种创造性的神奇效果。

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-8.md · 765786PDF:第 1402 页 · some 1-2

some3

(1)Would you like some wine?

(2) He stayed there for some days. (Palmer)

(3) He was quite some player.

(4) There are some few who can look back upon their childhood with delight.

(5) Some hero—He ran off as soon as the shooting started.

上面各句中的 some 到底是什么意思?

在句(1)中 some 并不是表示数量少(一点点儿),而是暗示对方能够接受说话人的建议或邀请(参见 some/any 2^{2} ),因而显得很有礼貌。例如:

  1. Will you have some cake? (ALD) 请吃些糕点吧?

  2. Hey, monkey! Would you like some bananas? 嗨,猴子! 你吃香蕉吗?

在句(2)中 some 强调数量相当大、数目相当多(unspecified but considerable in number, amount, degree, etc.):

  1. The fire went on for some time before it was brought under control. (LDCE) 这场火烧了好长时间才被控制住。

  2. The railway station is at some distance from the village. (ALD) 火车站离村子相当远。

  3. I did not meet her for some years. 我有好几年没有遇见她。

  4. I spent some time trying to convince her. 我花了相当多的时间试图说服她。

  5. I met him once, but that some time ago. 我曾见过他,但那已经有一段时间了。

在句(3)中 some 表示“相当好的”“很出色的”“很不错的”“了不起的”“令人难忘的”(remarkable of its type):

  1. That was some performance! (RWRT) 真是精彩的演出!

  2. That was some speech you made! (LDCE) 你的发言真棒!

  3. I call that some poem. 我把这称为真正的诗。

  4. That was some storm! (《韦氏辞典》, 电子版) 真是一场大风暴!

  5. A man of learning is supposed to be some pumpkings. 有学问的人被看作是大人物。

  6. My new car is some pumpkings. 我的新车真棒。

句(4)中 some few/little 不是指“很少的”,而是指“相当多”,相当于 a good few, quite a few, not a few. 句(4)的意思是:回顾童年而能够心情愉快的人是相当不少的。

句(5)中 some 具有贬义,常用来表示轻蔑或嘲讽,有时表示“毫无”“绝无”(no... at all)的意思:

  1. Some friend you are! You won't even lend me £ 1. (LDCE) 你算什么朋友!连一英镑都不肯借给我。

  2. A: You may become manager of the firm one day. B: Some hopes!

A:你总有一天会当上公司经理的。 B:毫无希望!

  1. Some help that is! We're no further than we were before. (LDCE) 那无济于事!我们的境况像从前一样糟。
Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-8.md · 787846PDF:第 1403 页 · some 3-4

some4

some sixty people

some 在这里是什么意思?

放在数字前的 some 相当于 about, 用于表示大约数。英语里, 除了用 about 表示大约数之外, 还可以用下列词语表示大约数:

60 or so dollars(60 美元左右)

a good sixty dollars(足有60美元,至少60美元)

60 dollars or so(60 美元左右)

60 dollars or thereabout(s)(60 美元左右)

60 odd dollars/60-odd dollars(60 dollars odd)(60 多美元)

(not) more than 60 dollars[(不)多于60美元)]

(not) less than 60 dollars[(不)少于60美元)]

over(above) 60 dollars(60 多美元)

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-8.md · 847870PDF:第 1403 页 · some 3-4