(1)She had views quite different from her father's.
她的观点与她父亲的截然不同。
(2) The dictionary is not mine, but Comrade Wang's.
这本字典不是我的,而是王同志的。
如何解释上面的名词所有格的用法?
我国英语语法学家均将上面名词所有格用法解释为省略了“’s 所有格所修饰的名词”,即 her father's = her father's views, Comrade Wang's = Comarade Wang's dictionary。这种解释使我们能够明确掌握这种名词所有格的概念意义。但是,这种解释有明显的不足之处。一,既然是省略,它就存在着省略与不省略的选择问题,但是,实际上,这种用法的名词所有格总是独立使用的(即省略是强制性的);二,如果把名词所有格换成名词性物主代词(mine, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs),那就完全不能用省略来解释了:
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Hers is a pretty colourless life. (AEG) 她的生活是一种相当平淡的生活。
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You may use my pen. I'll use hers. (PEG) 你可以用我的笔,我用她的好了。
根据这种名词所有格的属性,现代英语语法学家已经另立了一个语法条目——独立所有格(属格)。这就恰当地解释了它脱离名词而单独使用的语法特点。
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My car is faster than John's. (CGEL) 我的汽车比约翰的跑得快。
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The population of New York is greater than Chicago's. (CGEL) 纽约人口比芝加哥(的人口)多。
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He knew that the house was hers. (AEG) 他知道这所房子是她的。
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Ours is a big family. (PEG ) 我们的家是一个大家庭。
Whose is this? It's ____.
Whose is this house? It's ____.
His daughter is ____.
“I need a black dress for the concert next week.” “I’m sure Emily will let you wear ____.”