问英语
原书主词条 · 3 个连续词条

except do/except to do

原书 PDF 第 496—497 页

except do/except to do1

问

（1）He does everything in the house except put the children to bed. (CGEL)

(2) It had no effect except to make him angry. (Evans)

在句(1)中 except 后接动词原形,而在第二句中 except 后接带 to 的不定式。这是为什么呢?

答

如果介词 except 之前含有动词 do(包括 do 的各种语法形式)，则 except 后通常接动词原形(但亦可加 to)；如果介词 except 之前是其他动词，则 except 后应接带 to 的动词不定式 (to-v):

  1. He doesn't want to do anything except help me. (Dreiser) 除了帮助我,任何事情他都不

except do/except to do2\mathrm{do}^2 458

想做。

  1. She can do everything except cook. (LDCE) 除了烹调之外, 她什么事都能干。

  2. There was little I could do except wait. (EED) 除了等待,我几乎什么事也不能做。

[参见 to(动词不定式符号) 2^{2} , but 11^{11} ]

Markdown：英语常见问题解答大词典-3.md · 6564—6585 行PDF：第 496 页 · except do/except to do 1

except do/except to do2

问

The old man did nothing on Sundays except ____ a walk in the park.

A. taking B. take C. to take D. took

答案为 B, 我承认它是正确的。但是, 能否选 C 呢?

答

上面的试题反映了我国英语教学和测试上的一个误区: except 之前有实义动词 do (does, did, have done) 时, except 之后的动词不定式符号必须去掉。《英语疑难词典》(外研社, 2002, p. 200) 更进了一步, 说 except 之后的动词不定式永不带 to。其实, 在这种情况下, 去掉 to 并不是强制性的, 不去掉 to 也是正确的(参见 but 11^{11} )。请看下面的例证:

We had nothing to do except (to) look at the posters outside the cinema. (PEU) 我们除了看电影院的海报之外,什么事情也没有干。

Markdown：英语常见问题解答大词典-3.md · 6586—6597 行PDF：第 497 页 · except do/except to do 2-3

except do/except to do3

问

She said that we had no other choices ____ go to the police station for help. A. beside B. besides C. accept D. except[《高中英语教科书》第二册(上),人教社,p.92]

书上给的答案是D。但我认为上句中用except go是错误的。

答

上面试题中的选项 except 应改为 except to。为什么呢？因为只有在 except(but) 之前有实义动词 do(任一语法形式) 的时候，才可以省略动词不定式符号 to。而在 have no choice but/except 之后总是接带 to 的动词不定式(参见 choice):

  1. We have no choice but to arrive late. (MD) 除了迟到,我们别无选择。

  2. They did nothing (else) except work. (Hill) 他们只是干工作。

  3. I've done everything you wanted except (or but) make the beds. (LEG) 除了铺床外,你要我做的事我都做了。

练习

  1. We've missed the last bus. I'm afraid we have no ____ but to take a taxi.

    1. A

      way

    2. B

      choice

    3. C

      possibility

    4. D

      selection(全国高考,93-33)

  2. The old man did nothing on Sundays except ____ a walk in the park.

    1. A

      taking

    2. B

      take

    3. C

      taken

    4. D

      took

Markdown：英语常见问题解答大词典-3.md · 6598—6621 行PDF：第 497 页 · except do/except to do 2-3