问英语｜英语常见问题解答

whom¹

用作关系代词的 whom/who 与介词

问

The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin.

上面的句子能否改写为 The girl who(m) I spoke to ... ? 如果能,它们之间有无区别?

答

上面的句子可以改写为 The girl who(m) I spoke to ... 两个句子的含义相同,但在语体上有区别。介词 + whom 位于定语从句之首的结构,大都用于正式语体,而介词位于句尾的结构大都用于非正式语体。在非正式语体中,省略关系代词 who(m),而把介词放在句尾的结构是更为常用的(参见 about $^{7}$ )。请注意下面实例中定语从句的结构差异:

A. 介词 + whom 结构位于从句之首(介词位于 whom 之前时,不能用 who 来代替)

This is the man to whom I referred. 这就是我提到的那个人。
the lady towards whom the dog ran 那条狗向着她跑过去的那位女士 B. who(m) ... + 介词(位于从句句尾)

the lady who(m) the dog ran towards 那条狗向着她跑过去的那位女士

C. ( ) ... + 介词(位于从句句尾)

the lady ( ) the dog ran towards

练习

The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.
1. A
  the nurse is talking to him
2. B
  whom the nurse is talking
3. C
  the nurse is talking to
4. D
  who the nurse is talking(全国高考)
In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ____ she could turn for help.
1. A
  that
2. B
  who
3. C
  from whom
4. D
  to whom(同上,92-27)
—Who did you spend last weekend with? —____.
1. A
  Palmer's
2. B
  The Palmers'
3. C
  The Palmers
4. D
  The Palmer's(上海高考,98-1)
The gentleman ____ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.
1. A
  who
2. B
  about whom
3. C
  whom
4. D
  with whom(同上,00春-9)
Alec asked the policeman ____ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
1. A
  with him
2. B
  who
3. C
  with whom
4. D
  whom(同上,02-31)

whom¹

，with whom/whom ... with。whom $^{3}$

问

You gave whom the book? (RHCD) whom 放在这个位置上是正确的吗?

答

见 what $^{10}$ 。

whom²

问

下面是摘自《学生英语疑难解析词典》(辽海出版社,p.707)的一段论述： “whom 作间接宾语时,采用 To whom ...? 句型;不用 whom ... to? 例1 他说他把那个东西给谁了？ (1) Whom did he say he had given it to? [误] (2) To whom did he say he had given it? [正]” 请问上面的所谓“误句”果真有错误吗？

答

上面的所谓“误句”是完全正确的句子。见