问英语
原书主词条 · 6 个连续词条

that(adv.)

原书 PDF 第 1524—1527 页

that(adv.)1

问

We left the day that he arrived. 请问句中的 that 是什么词?

答

上面的 that 可以看作是关系副词。这种用法的 that 用来引导定语从句并在定语从句中充当状语。它所修饰的名词常常是 day, year, time, moment, speed, way, reason, place, direction, distance 等等：

  1. I stay at home on the days that I am not busy. (ELD) 我工作不忙的日子就呆在家里。

  2. He went home the same evening that he heard the news. (Dreiser) 他听到这消息的那个晚上就回家了。

  3. During the years that he had been in the army, he got acquainted with her. 他是在部队的那几年里认识她的。

  4. I can't think of many places in the world that I would like to live. 我想不出世界上会有许多地方是我愿意居住的。

  5. He doesn't see things the way that we see them. (《新英汉辞典》) 他看问题跟我们不同。

  6. He spoke in such a way that they were offended. 他说话的方式使他们很生气。

  7. The reason that they didn't go to see the house is that they prefer to live in an apartment. (CGEL) 他们没有去看那所房子的原因是他们愿意住公寓房。

  8. The direction that a force is acting can be changed. 力的作用方向是可以改变的。

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that(adv.)3

the reason that/why/for which

问

Do you know the reason ____ he was late?

A. that B. which C. for that D. for which(《海淀名题·高中英语语法完全解题》，东北师范大学出版社，p.286)

书上给的答案是 D(for which), 难道不能选 A(that) 吗?

答

在以 the reason 为中心词的定语从句中,既可以使用 for which(但比较罕见),也可以使用关系副词 why 或 that(参见 the reason why/that 1−5^{1-5} , appositive clause or attributive clause):

  1. The reason(why) I am going is that I want to. (CLD) 我要去的原因是我想去。

  2. That wasn't the reason (that) he lied to you. (LEG) 那不是他对你撒谎的原因。

  3. Is that the reason (that) they came? (CGEL) 这是他们来的原因吗?

Markdown：英语常见问题解答大词典-8.md · 8363—8380 行PDF：第 1525 页 · that (adv.) 3-5

that(adv.)4

the way in which .../the way that ...

问

The gardener was called to tell the way ____ the poor dog had died.

A. that B. in that C. which D. in which(全国高考)

答案为 D。能否选 A 呢？

答

此题亦可选A，见 way1\mathrm{way}^1 。

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that(adv.)5

the year in which .../the year that ...

问

I'll never forget that year ____ I joined the army. A. in that B. which C. that D. in which(《中学英语考试题典》, 辽师大出版社, p. 518)

所给答案为 D(in which)。难道不能选 C(that) 吗？

答

我们大家都知道，在定语从句中可以用关系副词 when, where 和 why 来代替“介词 + which”结构。出题者忽略了：在定语从句中，that 在某些条件下可用来代替 when（即代替 in/at/during/on which 等），where（即代替 in/at which 等）和 why。

  1. the day that she arrived （代替 on which 或 which … on, 或代替 when） 她到达的那一天

  2. I still remember the summer (that) we had the big drought. (可以用 when 或 during which 来代替 that) 我仍然记得我们遭大旱灾的那个夏天。

  3. His mother died on the evening that he was born. 他母亲死于他降生的那天晚上。

  4. At the first time that I saw him, I recognized him. 第一次看到他,我就认出了他。

  5. I sent you the news from the first instant that I heard it. 我一听到这个消息, 就把它寄给了你。

  6. At the first moment that he had said it he knew what mistake he had made. 他刚一说出了这件事, 就知道他犯了一个什么样的错误。

  7. the year (that 或 when) he was born 他出生的那一年

下面是 that 代替 where 和 why 以及其他“介词 + which”结构的实例：

  1. I don't know any place (that) you can get a better exchange rate. （可以用 where 或 at which 来代替 that） 我不知道在什么地方你能找到更合适的外汇比价。

  2. That's the way (that) he did it. 这就是他做那件事的方法。

  3. Is this the reason (that) they came? 这是他们来的原因吗?

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that(adv.)8

问

This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.

薄冰教授在《教你解决英语语法难点》(一)(世界知识出版社,p.114)说上面的 that 从句是一定语从句,这我是完全同意的。但他说 that 是一连词,我却难以接受。

答

我猜想这可能是个印刷错误,也可能是薄冰老师一时的笔误。这里的 that 应分析为关系副词,它相当于 when。应注意:这里的 that 或 when 是可以省略的,见 that(adv.) 5−7^{5-7} 。请看下面的实例:

AtFrom}(just)the{firstnextlastprecisevery}{momentinstantminutetime}{thatwhen}Isaw him, I recognized him. (CGEL)\left. \begin{array}{l} \text {At} \\ \text {From} \end{array} \right\} (\text {just}) \text {the} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} \text {first} \\ \text {next} \\ \text {last} \\ \text {precise} \\ \text {very} \end{array} \right\} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} \text {moment} \\ \text {instant} \\ \text {minute} \\ \text {time} \end{array} \right\} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} t h a t \\ w h e n \end{array} \right\} I \text {saw him, I recognized him. (CGEL)}
练习

  1. After having gone ____ far, George did not want to turn back.

    1. A

      enough

    2. B

      much

    3. C

      such

    4. D

      that(全国研考,92-2)

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that(adv.)9

that(adv.)9

问

“It takes me just twenty minutes to reach the city from here.” “Do you really drive ____?” A. as fast B. that fast C. with such fastness D. fast like that(TOEFL) 正确答案为 B(that fast)。但不知 that 的词性和词义。

答

that 在口语中可以用作程度副词来代替 so 或 very(那么, 这么, 很, 非常):

  1. The roads were that icy! (LEG) 这路上冰这么多!

  2. There were two thousand people in the theatre. I didn't expect it to be that full. (CGEL) 剧院里有两千人, 我真没料到会有那么多。

  3. How could she sing that well after only one lesson? (MD) 她只上了一次课,怎么会唱得这么好?

  4. He's not that rich. (MD) 他并不那么有钱。

  5. It was that dark. (CEU) 天那么黑了。

  6. How could a secret that big be kept quiet all of these years? (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code) 那么重大的秘密怎么可能被默默地保守这么多年呢？(《达·芬奇密码》)

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