词典词条 · 问答

efficient/effective

问

《朗文英语正误词典》有这样一段话:

× The medicine proved very efficient.

√ The medicine proved very effective. 这种药证明很有效。

我觉得 The medicine proved very efficient. 这句英语是可以接受的。

答

efficient 与 effective 意义很接近。efficient 强调“能够工作得很好”。它的名词是 efficiency(效率)。an efficient engine(plan, man, manager, secretary)是指高效率的机器(计划、人手、经理、秘书)。effective 则强调“成绩好”。它的名词是 efficacy。an effective way(有效的方法),an effective speech(效果很好的发言),effective measures(有效的措施),effective scientists(成绩卓著的科学家)。有一本英语著作说,an efficient police-force 是强调它的纪律、组织和行动能力,而 an effective police-force 则是强调它做事的成绩。由此可见,说 The medicine proved effective. 在于强调“药有效,治病效果好”。The medicine proved efficient. 则在于强调“药的高疗效”,比如说,其他药服 20 剂能治好某种病,而此种药服 3 剂便可治好该种病。因此,上面的两个英语句子都是正确的,只是着重点有所不同而已。有时它们之间的差别非常细微,以至于可以互换。

练习
  1. Efficient air service has been made available through modern technology.

    1. A

      affluent

    2. B

      modern

    3. C

      inexpensive

    4. D

      effective(TOEFL)

  2. She's the most _.

    1. A

      efficient

    2. B

      industrial

    3. C

      working

    4. D

      practised(Nelson,500B)

  3. Most doctors were dubious about the ____ of the new medicine.

    1. A

      effective

    2. B

      effect

    3. C

      effectiveness

    4. D

      effectively (EPT)

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