原书主词条 · 5 个连续词条

score

原书 PDF 第 1324—1325

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four score

Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation...八十七年前我们的先辈在这块大陆上建立了一个新的国家…… four score 是否可改为 four scores?

score(20) 与确切的数字连用时, 是一个零复数的数量词 (虽在语义上是复数, 但不能加-s), 它的用法相当于 head(200 head of cattle = 200 头牛)、horsepower(马力) 和 hertz(赫兹) 等。当用 score 表示 “许多” 时, 则可用 scores of 结构 (参见 dozen)。请对比:

  1. three score and ten years 70

  2. I've been there scores of times. 我去过那里许多次。

  3. How many people were there?’There were scores(of them).’ “那里有多少人?”“有很多(人)。”

  4. Scores of people went there in the first few days after its opening. 开张后的头几天,许许多多的人去那家餐馆吃饭。

练习
  1. ——What does an egg cost? ——Ten yuan ____ eggs.

    1. A

      by two scores

    2. B

      for two scores of

    3. C

      by two score

    4. D

      for two score

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-7.md · 82608282PDF:第 1324 页 · score 1

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, dozen, million, hundred)

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-7.md · 83018302PDF:第 1324 页 · score 1

score2

____ people were sent there to help fight against the flood.

A. Three scores of B. Three score of C. Three score D. Three scores

《高中英语解题题典》(东北师大出版社, p.37) 给的答案是 B。能否选 C 呢?

这道试题出得不好:虽然选项 B 是可接受的,但是更常见的形式却是选项 C。请看下面的例证:

  1. We ordered three score( =60) boxes. (CIDE) 我们订了 60 箱。

  2. The days of our years are three score years and ten.” (Bible, Psalm 90. 10) “我们一生的年岁是七十岁。”(《圣经·诗篇》)

[附注]当名词带有限定词(the, those等)时,则必须采用数词+score+of+the等限定词+名词结构:

five score of the students 这些学生之中的 100 人

(参见

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-7.md · 82838300PDF:第 1325 页 · score 2-4

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score/scores

(1)five score students

(2) five score of the students

请问哪个用法是正确的?

两个用法都是正确的,但是意义不同。例(1)的意思是“100个学生”,例(2)的意思是“这些学生之中的100人”。这就是说,这两个结构的用法是不同的:当表示不确定指的人或事物时,使用two(three,five,etc.)score people(boxes)two(three,five,etc.)score of people(boxes),当表示确定指的人或事物之中若干score时,使用two(three,five,etc.)score of the people(boxes)

但是, scores 必须与 of 短语连用, 意为“很多的”, 另外, a score 也常与 of 短语连用, 意为 “(大约)20” 或 “很多的”:

  1. A score of countries have been quick to recognise the new state. 大约 20 个国家很快就承认了这个新政府。

  2. There were scores of people there, maybe eighty or more. 聚在那里的人很多,大约有八十来个。

  3. The royal bloodline of Jesus Christ has been chronicled in exhaustive detail by scores of historians. (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code) 耶稣基督有后代的事早就被大批的历史学家详详细细地写进编年史了。(《达·芬奇密码》)

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-7.md · 83038324PDF:第 1325 页 · score 2-4

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____ people were sent there to help fight against the flood. A. Three scores of B. Three score of C. Three score D. Three scores(《高中英语解题题典》,东北师大出版社,p.37) 您在《初高中英语考点难点详解词典》中说:“这道题出得不好,虽然选项 B 是可以接受的,但更常见的形式却是选项 C。” 此题出得好与不好,暂且不论,选项 C 真的比 B 更常见吗? 且看从一些常用的词典中摘录的例子: two score of eggs 四十只蛋(《远东英汉大辞典》) There was barely a score of people there. (《新世纪英语用法大词典》) a (three) score of people(《新英汉词典》, 上海译文出版社) three score of books(《英汉详注词典》, 上海交大出版社) a score of people(《牛津现代高级英汉双解辞典》第三版) I walked a score of miles. (《最新学生实用英汉词典》, 1989 辽宁人民出版社) a (two) score of eggs(《英语搭配大词典》, 江苏教育) a score of reasons(同上) three score of eggs(《最新高级英汉词典》,商务) a score of people(《现代英语用法词典》重排本,外研社) I'd escaped death a score of times by a hair's breath. (同上) two score of men(《英语惯用法大词典》, 中国科技) five score of herring 一捆鲱鱼(100尾)(《英华大词典》) None of these groups had more than a score of supporters. (《柯林斯词典》) 由此看来,很难说上题选项 B 不常见,而选项 C 的形式源自于《圣经》上的那句话,并出现在与“年岁”有关的一些说法中: three score (years) and ten 古稀之年来自《圣经》 According to the Bible, we can expect to live for three score and ten( = 70 years). (《朗文当代高级英语词典》) four score and ten years ago(《英美语惯用法词典》) 上述选择题说的是60人,而不是60年,因此不宜用选项C形式。根据《远东》、《新英汉》、《英汉详注》、《英语搭配》、《英华》等词典的观点应采用选项B的形式,表示60人。

谢谢这位读者提供了如此丰富的例子。但是,他说上题不宜用选项C的说法,我却不敢苟同。请看下面的实例:

  1. We ordered three score (=60) boxes. (CIDE) 我们订了 60 箱。

  2. Even in my two score years the world has changed. (Cobuild) 甚至在我生下来以后的这四十年里世界也已起了变化。

  3. The company already has around four score titles commissioned and planned for publication ... (CCED) 这家公司已选定了大约80个题目的图书,计划出版……

  4. Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation ... (Abraham Lincoln) 八十七年前我们的先辈在这块大陆上建立了一个新的国家…… 上面的实例足以证明数词 + score + 复数名词绝不仅仅是“出现在与‘年岁’有关的说法中”。 那么,究竟哪个形式较为常用呢?让我们援引薄冰老师的论述: “two (three, four, etc.) score eggs (a) two (three, four, etc.) score of eggs (b) (a)与(b)同义,但(a)较(b)普通[有人说(b)有古义]。”[《英语语法札记》(三),外研社,p.14] 让我们再来援引 CGEL(p.309) 的论述: “score [ =20]: ‘four score and ten years ago’; but always:scores (and scores) of people’

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-7.md · 83258395PDF:第 1325 页 · score 2-4