问英语｜英语常见问题解答

consider¹

问

“Is your brother going to camp?”“He signed up, but he’s considering ____.” A. not going B. to not go C. he doesn’t to D. not to go(TOEFL) 规定的正确答案为 A(not going)。但我记得 consider 也能跟动词不定式连用。因此，是否可以选 D(not to go)?

答

consider 用在主动句时,后面只能跟名词、动名词或 that 从句,而不能跟动词不定式。只有当动词不定式之前有连接副词或连接代词时,才可以用动词不定式作宾语。例如:

Have you considered how to get there? (ALD) 你考虑过怎么去那里吗?
You have to consider what to do next. (Mis) 你必须考虑到下一步应当做什么。导致你产生错误记忆的，可能还有一个原因，就是英语里有一个 consider + object + to-infinitive 的格式：
I consider him to be one of the best authorities in the country. (LEG) 我认为他是这个国家中最优秀的权威人士之一。
You surely can't consider him to be a selfish man. (Palmer) 你一定不能把他看作是一个自私的人。
I consider him to have acted disgracefully. (Evans) 我认为他的行为很可耻。

另外,consider 用在被动句中也可接动词不定式:

Turner was considered to be a genius even in his lifetime. (LEG) 特纳甚至在生前就被认为是个天才。

consider¹

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consider²

问

Charles Babbage is generally considered ____ the first computer.

A. to have invented B. inventing C. to invent D. having invented(全国高考,93-15)书上给的答案是 A, 但我认为正确答案应当是 B。因为动词 consider 之后只能接动名词, 而不能接动词不定式。

答

上面的试题实质上是 consider sb. to do 这一结构的被动形式: They consider Charles Babbage to have invented the first computer. →Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer. 参见

consider³

问

Have you considered how to get there?

我做过许多英语试题,都要求 consider 后跟动名词,而不能后跟动词不定式,而上句中的 consider 却后跟动词不定式,是不是用错了?

答

上面的句子并没有错误,因为当动词不定式带有 wh-词时,可以与 consider 连用,即 consider + wh-词 + to-v 结构是正确的:

You have to consider what to do next. 你必须考虑下一步应当做什么。
We've decided to move, but are still considering where to go to. 我们已决定搬家,但仍在考虑到底往哪儿搬。

consider⁴

用于混合疑问句

问

Whatever do you consider ____ to her? A. to happen B. happening C. happened D. happens 这道题把我弄糊涂了。请解疑。

答

答案为 C。上面的句子是个混合疑问句。详细的情形，见 interrogative sentence, think $^{7}$ , suppose $^{7}$ 。