问英语｜英语常见问题解答

问

rise 与 arise(上升,升起,上涨,起床)有何区别?

答

rise(rose, risen)与arise(arose, arisen)在词义上都是指“由低处向高处移动”。而且都是不及物动词。但rise用得最为广泛，是一个最通用的词：

The sun rises in the East. (OSD) 太阳从东方升起。
The river rose two feet. (MD) 河水上涨了两英尺。
The wounded man fell and was too weak to rise. 这个受伤的人倒下去,虚弱得站不起来。

arise 的使用范围则比较狭窄。R. Quirk 等人说, arise 除用作比喻义 (The question arose...) 之外, 是较罕见的。Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms 则说, 除用作 get up in the morning 或 rise from the grave 这两种意义之外, 在多数情况下都具有特殊的修辞色彩或诗体特色, 其主语常常是 an argument, a problem, a quarrel, a doubt, a question, a storm, a difficulty, a disagreement:

He arose and walked to the window. (Dreiser) 他站起来,向窗户走去。
A democratic movement has arisen. 掀起了一场民主运动。
New problems seem to arise every day. (H. Shaw) 似乎每天都出现新问题。
new social organizations arising from the industrial revolution 由工业革命产生的新型社会机构

练习

Many difficulties have ____ as a result of the change over to a new type of fuel.
1. A
  risen
2. B
  arisen
3. C
  raised
4. D
  arrived(全国四级,93.6-57)
A completely new situation will ____ when the examination system comes into existence.
1. A
  arise
2. B
  rise
3. C
  raise
4. D
  arouse(全国四级,95.6-69)
It's reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory ____ by about 10%.
1. A
  will have risen
2. B
  has risen
3. C
  will be rising
4. D
  has been rising(全国四级,96.1-39)
Last year the advertising rate ____ by 20 percent.
1. A
  raised
2. B
  aroused
3. C
  arose
4. D
  rose(全国四级,97.1-33)
Our hopes ____ and fell in the same instant.
1. A
  arose
2. B
  raised
3. C
  rose
4. D
  aroused(全国四级,01.6-35)
Following the elections, a completely new situation is likely to ____.
1. A
  arouse
2. B
  arise
3. C
  raise
4. D
  rise(全国英语专业四级,92-73)
The problem has ____ simply because you didn't follow the instructions in the handbook.
1. A
  assembled
2. B
  arisen
3. C
  risen
4. D
  resulted(全国英语专业四级,94-75)
The committee has anticipated the problems that ____ in the road construction project.
1. A
  arise
2. B
  will arise
3. C
  arose
4. D
  have arisen(全国英语专业四级,07-58)