问英语
原书主词条 · 2 个连续词条

otherwise

原书 PDF 第 1105 页

otherwise1

问

《英语相关词语辨异词典》(外研社, p. 309) 强调指出：“or 是个连词，而 otherwise 是个副词，不容混淆。”

请问 otherwise 果真不能用作连词吗?

答

otherwise 既可用作副词(意为:“在其他方面”“除此之外”“别样”“不然的话”),亦可用作连词(意为:“否则”“要不然”)。例如:

  1. The house is a bit small, but otherwise it's very nice. (副词) 这所房子小一点儿, 除此之外倒都很好。

  2. Their plane was late but otherwise they had a good trip. (副词) 他们的飞机晚点了,但除此之外他们的旅途还是很愉快的。

  3. I can't say otherwise ... 我不能不这样说……

  4. Hurry up, otherwise you'll be late. (连词) 快点儿吧,要不你就迟到了。

  5. Take a taxi, otherwise you'll miss your train. (连词) 叫一辆出租汽车吧,要不然你会误了火车的。

  6. You have a key and a personal account number known only to you. Your key is only half of your identification. Your personal account number is the other half. Otherwise, if you lost your key, anyone could use it. (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code) 你应该有一把钥匙和只有自己知道的个人账号。你的钥匙是你身份证明的一半。你的个人账号则是你身份证明的另一半。否则，假如你丢了钥匙，谁捡去了都可以用。（《达·芬奇密码》）

Markdown：英语常见问题解答大词典-6.md · 7150—7169 行PDF：第 1105 页 · otherwise 1-2

otherwise2

问

The painter Jacob Lawrence frequently incorporated patterns into his compositions, making them more striking than they would ____ have been.

A. instead B. however C. otherwise D. nevertheless(TOEFL)

我知道答案为 C(otherwise)，但我不明白，为什么 than 从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。我在英汉词典中没有查到这种用法。

答

otherwise 用作副词或连词时常常表示否定的条件(negative condition)。或者说, 表示与前述内容相反的条件。这个否定条件可以是事实的, 也可以是反事实的(假想的, 虚拟的)。在前一情况下, 含 otherwise 的分句的谓语动词用陈述语气, 在后一情况下, 用虚拟语气。当 otherwise 用作连词时, 其用法和意义相当于连词 or。

  1. Seize the chance, otherwise[or] you will regret it. (CGEL) 抓住这个机会,否则你会后悔的。

  2. Don't be too long, otherwise[or] you'll miss the bus. (CGEL) 时间不要拖得太长,要不然你就赶不上公共汽车了。

  3. Do it now. Otherwise, it will be too late. (LDCE) 现在就干吧,要不然,就太晚了。

  4. The sailors would have otherwise fallen into the sea. (MD) 要不然水手们早就掉进大海里去了。

  5. They (must have) liked the apartment, otherwise[or] they wouldn't have stayed so long. (CGEL) 他们(一定)喜欢这个公寓,要不然他们不会住这么久的。

  6. Gas molecules move in all directions, otherwise the color could not spread throughout the jar. 气体分子是到处运动的，不然的话，颜色就不可能扩散及整个瓶子。

  7. The atmosphere acts as a screen to shield us from certain harmful rays that would otherwise beat down on the earth and make life impossible. 大气层像屏障一样，保护我们不受某些有害射线的照射，否则，这些有害的射线就会照射到地球上，使生物无法生存。

  8. One way is to develop uses for products which otherwise would waste. 方法之一, 就是开发那些不用就会成为废物的产品的用途。

练习

  1. He was very busy yesterday; otherwise, he ____ to the meeting.

    1. A

      would come

    2. B

      came

    3. C

      should come

    4. D

      would have come

  2. These national parks are very important for preserving many animals, who would ____ run the risk of becoming extinct.

    1. A

      instead

    2. B

      therefore

    3. C

      nevertheless

    4. D

      otherwise

  3. We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we ____ him.

    1. A

      would have telephoned

    2. B

      must have telephoned

    3. C

      would telephone

    4. D

      had telephoned(全国四级,95.6-46)

Markdown：英语常见问题解答大词典-6.md · 7170—7210 行PDF：第 1105 页 · otherwise 1-2