问英语
原书主词条 · 6 个连续词条

appear

原书 PDF 第 169—170 页

appear1

appear/seem/look

问

（1）He appeared quite well. （2）She looks sad. （3）She seems kind.

appear, look 和 seem 都可以用作连系动词,并且都作“似乎,好像,看上去”解,不知它们有无区别?

答

appear, look 和 seem 在作“似乎”“好像”解时主要有以下区别。从词义上看: appear 表示从外表或表面上看上去“好像,似乎”,因此,有时暗含着“事实上并非如此”的意思(如 A 项例 2)。look 强调从视觉上得出的印象。而 seem 则表示有某种根据的判断,这种判断往往是接近或符合事实的。

A. appear, look, seem 后接形容词、分词、名词等:

  1. It appears a true story. 这故事似乎是真的。

  2. He appeared calm, but inside his heart was beating wildly with fear. 他外表显得很平静，但内心却因害怕而跳个不停。

  3. He looked a perfect fool. 他看起来是个十足的大傻瓜。

  4. She seems (to be) quite happy. 她似乎相当幸福。

B. appear, seem 可后接实义动词的不定式或 to be, 而 look 不能接实义的动词不定式, 但可接 to be:

  1. She appears to have many friends. 她好像有很多朋友。

  2. Judging by her letter, she looks to be the best person for the job. 从她的信来判断,她似乎是这个工作的最适当的人选。

  3. He seemed to hesitate for a minute. 他似乎犹豫了一会。

C. 接从句(look 只能接 as if 从句,但不能接 that 从句):

  1. It appears (that) the plane did not land at Rome. 飞机似乎没有在罗马着陆。

  2. It looks as if it's going to rain. 看来好像要下雨了。

  3. It seems that she likes her new job. 好像她喜欢她的新工作。

  4. It looks as if our class won't be able to bathe at all. 看起来我们班同学根本不能在这里游泳。

另外, look 还可以用在 look like 结构中:

It looked like ordinary salt, but was one million times more radioactive than uranium. 看起来它就像普通的食盐一样，而它的放射性却比铀还要大一百万倍。

练习

  1. They appear ____ in the accident.

    1. A

      to injure

    2. B

      be injured

    3. C

      being injured

    4. D

      to have been injured

  2. With her dark hair and light skin she ____ just ____ her mother.

    1. A

      looks/after

    2. B

      looks/like

    3. C

      seems/to

    4. D

      seems/like

  3. You needn't worry about him, he seems ____ himself in there.

    1. A

      to enjoy

    2. B

      to be enjoyed

    3. C

      to be enjoying

    4. D

      to have enjoyed

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appear2

4. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears \_\_\_\_ everything.

说明
  1. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears ____ everything. A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told(上海高考,01-29)
问

《英语考试向导》1999年第10期说seem和look可以接as if从句，而appear却不能。我在其他英语著作中也看到过类似的说法。appear真的不能接as if从句吗？

答

appear 既可接 that 从句,亦可接 as if (as though) 从句,但从属连词 that 和 as if (as though) 可以省略(见 It seems that):

  1. It appears that he is wrong. 似乎是他错了。

  2. It appears as if/as though I was wrong. 好像是我错了。

  3. He placed the gun next to the body, so as to make it appear as if the victim had shot himself. 他把枪放在尸体旁，好像是受害者自杀似的。

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appear3

it appears that/as if

问

It appears that/as if he is wrong.

请问上句中的 that 从句和 as if(as though)从句是什么类型的从句。

答

我国出版的英语著作大都把 that 从句和 as if (as though) 从句看作是主语从句。但是，我们认为：最好是把它们看作是表语(主语补语)从句，其理由见 It seems that。

当 it appears 另有形容词作表语时, 则应把 that 从句和 as if(as though) 从句看作是主语从句:

  1. It appears odd that he hasn't written. 看来很奇怪,他竟然没有写信。

  2. It appears unlikely that interest rates will fall. 利率似乎不可能下降。

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appear4

don't appear/appear not

问

《学生英语疑难解析词典》(辽海出版社,p.51)说:“appear 作‘似乎’解时,它在否定句中不是处于否定地位。

例:看来我是不能找到书了。

(1) I don't appear to be able to find my book. (误)

(2) I appear to be unable to find my book. (正)"

I don't appear 的用法果真是错误的吗?

答

如同 seem 一样, appear 也有两种否定形式: don't appear(在非正式语体中更为常用)和 appear not。

  1. I don't appear to have written his name. (CCEU) 好像我没有写下他的名字。

  2. . . . but this did not appear to have caused the fire. ……但看来并不是燃料引起火灾的。

  3. She didn't appear to hear, and was certainly quite cheerful. (上海高考,92-阅读C) 她好像没有听见,肯定相当高兴。

  4. She appeared not to know what was happening. 她似乎不知道正在发生的事情。

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appear4

apply at 见 apply for

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appear5

问

He appeared in a dangerous mood.

请问 appear 在句中是什么意思？

答

这又是一个歧义句。句子的歧义是由于appear具有不同的语义和语法功能而产生的。A. appear用作实义动词，意为“出现”：

  1. Two men suddenly appeared... (EED) 突然出现了两个人……

  2. His new book will be appearing in the shops very soon. (LDCE) 他的新书很快就会在书店里出现(出售)。

按照这种理解,上面句子的意思是:

他来到时，情绪很糟（他情绪很糟地出现了）。

B. appear 用作连系动词, 意为“看来好像”“显得”“似乎”:

  1. There appeared to be only one room. (Sinclair) 似乎只有一个房间。

  2. Mr. Gilmore is one of those men who appear to be friendly, however, it is very hard to deal with him. (全国研考) 吉尔摩先生是那种外表上显得很友好的人，然而和他打交道却很难。

按照这种理解,上面句子的意思是:

他显得情绪很不好。

as appears/as it appears 见 it 20^{20}

don't appear/appear not 见 seem,

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