原书主词条 · 7 个连续词条

catch

原书 PDF 第 314—315

catch1

I caught the boy waiting for my daughter.

请分析这个句子的结构。

这是个歧义句。分析这个歧义句对于我们理解和掌握catch的用法以及提高分析句子结构的能力,都是很有意义的。我们先来分析catch的常见用法:

A. catch 用作要求单宾语的及物动词,作“碰上”“看到”解。这样,就可以把 the boy 看作是 catch 的宾语,而 waiting 短语看作是 the boy 的定语:

我见到了正在等我女儿的那个男孩。(I caught the boy who was waiting for my daughter.) B. catch 用作要求宾语补足语的及物动词。例如, The farmer caught the boys stealing his

apples. (这位农民发现那些孩子正在偷他的苹果。)在作这种分析时,全句的意思是:

我发现这个男孩在等待我的女儿。(I caught the boy in the act of waiting for my daughter.) C.catch 分析为要求单宾语的及物动词,而把 waiting 看作是现在分词短语作时间状语:

我在等我女儿时看到了这个男孩。(I caught the boy while I was waiting for my daughter.) (参见 CGEL, p. 1126)

练习
  1. When I caught him ____ me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.

    1. A

      cheating

    2. B

      cheat

    3. C

      to cheat

    4. D

      to be cheating(全国四级,97.1-44)

    5. A

      cheating

    6. B

      cheat

    7. C

      to cheat

    8. D

      to be cheating(全国四级,97.1-44)

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-2.md · 78747897PDF:第 314 页 · catch 1

catch2

catch/catch at

(1)He caught the ball. (2)He caught at the ball. 请问上面两个句子有无区别?

有区别。句(1)是指“他抓住了球”,强调结果,句(2)是指“他去抓球”,强调“去抓”“设法抓住”“试图抓住”这一动作过程,而不管实际上是否抓住,即不涉及结果。

  1. The cat caught a mouse. 猫捉住一只老鼠。

  2. Catch the ball with both hands. 用两只手抓住球。

  3. A drowning man will catch at a straw. 快淹死的人连一根稻草也要去抓的。

  4. A businessman will catch at any chance of making a profit. 生意人会想方设法抓机会赚钱。

  5. The children caught at the teacher's skirt. 孩子们去抓老师的裙子。请做下面的英语试题:

  6. The boy ____ the ball but he couldn't get hold of it. A. seized B. grasped C. caught D. caught at

  7. They will catch ____ any opportunity to practice English. A. in B. at C. on D. from

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-2.md · 78987921PDF:第 315 页 · catch ²

catch3

catch/catch up (with)

catchcatch up with 都作“赶上”解, 它们有无区别呢?

catch作“赶上”解时,主要是指“赶上汽车、火车等交通工具的钟点”或者“赶上看……节目”:

  1. You should run if you want to catch the bus. 如果你想要赶上公共汽车,非得跑不可。

  2. If we go home now, we might just catch the 10 o'clock news. 如果我们现在回家,也许正好赶上10点钟的新闻节目。

catch up(with)除了指“追赶上同一方向行进的人”之外,也可用于抽象意义的“赶上”(赶上……的水平):

  1. You walk on ahead. I shall soon catch you up. 你往前走吧。我很快就会追上你。

  2. After being out of school so long, Helen had to work hard in order to catch up with the rest of the class. 海伦缺了这么久的课,要赶上班上其他同学,她非得用功不可。

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-2.md · 79227941PDF:第 315 页 · catch 3-7

catch4

catch you up/catch up with you

(1)I'll catch you up later. (2)I'll catch up with you later.

上面两个句子的意思是否相同?

上面两个句子的意思是相同的,只是句(2)多用于英国英语:

  1. Go on in front. I'll soon catch you up/catch up (with you). 你先走吧,我很快就会赶上你。

  2. I had to run to catch her up. I had to run to catch up with her. 为了追上她,我非得跑不可。

  3. We shall have to work hard to catch the other firm up. 我们必须努力干,才能赶上另一家公司。

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-2.md · 79427957PDF:第 315 页 · catch 3-7

catch5

catch/seize

(1)The police caught the thief. (2)The police seized the thief.

catchseize 虽然都有“抓住”,“捉住”的意思,但其深层含义还是有区别的。它们在语义上的主要区别是:seize 侧重“突然、紧紧地抓住”。

  1. He seized her hand and shook it heartily. 他抓住她的手,真挚地摇动着。

  2. The thief seized my bag and ran away. 那个小偷抢了我的提包, 逃跑了。

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-2.md · 79587969PDF:第 315 页 · catch 3-7

catch6

My skirt caught in the door. 我的裙子被门夹住了。

my skirt 明明是“被夹住”,怎么不说 was caughtgot caught,而说主动意义的 caught 呢?

catch,如同 read, wash, cook 一样,也可以用作形式主动、意义被动的动词,见 blow, read, notional passives

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-2.md · 79707977PDF:第 315 页 · catch 3-7

catch7

Dorothy Howell was applying for a job as a clerk typist at a textile company when she caught the eye of a traveling salesman, Hugh Rodham. She was attracted to his energy and self-assurance and gruff sense of humor. (Hillary, Living History, p. 9)

[原译] 母亲前往一家成衣公司应征打字员时,注意到前来推销的父亲,被他的精力、自信和生硬的幽默感吸引。(希拉里,《亲历历史》,译林出版社,p.5)

catch the eye of 可以译为“注意到”吗?

catch sb.'s eye 意为“吸引某人注意”,例如:

Try to catch the waiter's eye. 招呼服务员。

A newspaper headline caught his eye. 报纸的大标题引起了他的注意。

因此,不是“母亲注意到父亲”,而是“母亲引起了父亲的注意”。

[试译] 母亲在一家成衣公司应征打字员时,引起了做旅行推销员的父亲——休·罗德姆的注意,她也被父亲的精力、自信和生硬的幽默感吸引。

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-2.md · 79787995PDF:第 315 页 · catch 3-7