原书主词条 · 2 个连续词条

used to

原书 PDF 第 1626—1627

used to1

章振邦主编《新编英语语法》(p.338)说:“used to 表示不确定的过去时间,通常不能与表示确定的过去时间状语连用。例如不能说: Did you use to live in Beijing for five years?" 我的问题是:

  1. for five years 是确定的过去时间状语吗?
  2. used to 真的不能与表示确定的过去时间状语连用吗?

for five years 不是确定的过去时间状语,而只是表示持续时间长度的确定的时间段(a definite period)。可见,《新编英语语法》的论述是有毛病的:论点与论据脱节。 R. A. CloseRGSE 中说过: “Note that used to live would not replace lived in We lived in London for ten years, ie when a definite period is stated.” (p. 277) (注意: We lived in London for ten years. 句中 lived 不能用 used to live 来代替, 这就是说, 当提到特定的时间段时, 不能用 used to live 来代替。) 《新编英语语法》的论点可能是对 R. A. Close 提法的误解: 把确定的时间段误认为确定的过去时间状语了。 那么, used to 究竟能不能与确定的过去时间状语连用呢?答案是肯定的。请看下面的实例:

  1. He used to live here in 1944. (Leech) 1944 年他曾在这里住过。

  2. In those days we used to live in the country. (CGEL) 在那些日子里我们曾经住在乡村。

  3. I used to write poetry myself when I was his age. (Du Mauriei) 当我像他那么大的时候,我曾经自己写过诗。

  4. He used to be devoted to her when she was a little girl. (Macaulay) 当她是个小女孩的时候,他曾经热恋过她。

  5. He used to hang a rose on his office door at home when he was having a confidential phone call and didn't want me to disturb him. (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code) 过去他在家里打秘密的电话,不想让我打搅时,总是在他办公室门上挂一朵玫瑰。(《达·芬奇密码》)

  6. He used to play football before his marriage. (Hornby) 他在结婚之前经常踢足球。

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-9.md · 22052242PDF:第 1626 页 · used to 1

used to2

be used to/get used to

《中华第一名校高考高分解疑·英语》(首都师大出版社, p. 194) 对 be used toget used to 作了如下解释:

be(get) used to + 动名词这一结构表示动作由经常性的(used to do)变成习惯性的,由动态变成静态……”

我认为该书作者对 get used to 的解释是错误的。

be used to 表示“习惯于某事”的状态,而 get used to 则表示由“不习惯”到“习惯于”这一动态过程,意思是“(变得)习惯于”“开始习惯于”(参见 get used to)

例如:

  1. I think it is a bit difficult for you to get used to the wet hot weather here. 我想,让你习惯于这里潮湿而炎热的天气,有点儿困难。

  2. You'll soon get used to living in the country. 很快你就会习惯于住在乡下了。

  3. Have you got used to living on your own. 你已经习惯于独自生活了吗?

[附注]上面对 get used to 的解释也适用于 become used to, grow used to

练习
  1. You will soon ____ this climate and then the changes in temperature will not affect you.

    1. A

      get used to

    2. B

      get to

    3. C

      get over

    4. D

      get on with

  2. The weather of the city was rather damp, but after he lived there for a while he ____ it.

    1. A

      would use to

    2. B

      had used to

    3. C

      used to

    4. D

      got used to

Markdown:英语常见问题解答大词典-9.md · 22432270PDF:第 1627 页 · used to 2