人称代词

教材1. 人称代词 (1) 主格与宾格的区分 人称代词在句中作主语时用主格形式,作宾语和表语时一般用宾格形式。例如: We all make mistakes. 我们每个人都会犯错。 He doesn't believe me. 他不相信我。 Who is it? 是谁? It's me. 是我。 另外,宾格代词(特别是me)可以作主语。主格代词一般不单独使用,也不用于带not的简短回答中,这些情况下往往用宾格代词。例如: Who wants a ride on my bike? 谁想骑我的自行车? Me! / Not me! 我!/我不想! (2) it 的用法 it除用来指代人和事物外,还可以用来表示时间、天气、距离等。例如: It's 12 o'clock now. 现在是 12 点。 It's a fine day today. 今天天气不错。 It's 20 km from here. (那儿) 离这儿 20 公里。 (3) 人称代词的顺序 当多个人称代词并用时,英语中人称代词的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语中喜欢说“你、我、他/她”,而英语中通常要说you,he/she and I,复数人称代词的排列顺序是we,you and they。

课标(3) 语法知识 英语语法知识包括词法知识和句法知识（见附录4）。词法关注词的形态变化，如名词的数、格，动词的时、态（体）等；句法关注句子结构，如句子的种类、成分、语序等。词法和句法之间的关系非常紧密。在语言使用中，语法知识是“形式—意义—使用”的统一体，与语音、词汇、语篇和语用知识紧密相连，直接影响语言理解与表达的准确性和得体性。具体内容要求见表11。

词典photo a photo of her/a photo of hers 【问】(1)Lucy will show us some new ____ of hers. A. photo B. photos C. photoes(四川省02中考-A卷-39) (2) This is an old photo of ____ when I was a child. A. me B. mine C. I D. my 试题(1)要求用 some new photos of hers(要求用物主代词),而试题(2)要求用 an old photo of me(要求用人称代词),这是为什么呢? 【答】a photo of mine 与 a photo of me 的意思不同, 见 me² 。 phrasal verbs(短语动词) 见 call on him/call him up

词典it/one 【问】——Why don't we take a little break? ——Didn't we just have ____? A. it B. that C. one D. this(全国高考,00-23) 答案为 C。但是,我一直不明白这里为什么不能用 it。 【答】人称代词 it 在指物时, 是明确地指上文所提到的那个事物, 即 it = 前面出现的名词或名词短语所表达的那个事物, 而替代词 one 则是指前面的名词或名词短语所表示的同类事物中的一个, 即不是指同一件事或物(参见 one ¹ ): 1. Did you see the snake? Yes, I saw it and it saw me. (it = the snake) 你看到那条蛇了吗?是的,我看到了它,它也看到了我。 2. I lost my old camera; this is a new one. (one ≠ my old camera) 我的旧相机丢了; 这是一架新照相机。 3. What do you think of this cake? ——I like it. 你觉得这块蛋糕怎么样?——我很喜欢。 4. Would you like a drink? ——I'd love one, thank you. 你想喝杯酒吗?——我想要一杯,谢谢。 请做下面的英语试题: 1. Do you need my pen? No, thanks, I have got _. A. a one B. that C. one D. ones 2. Have you found the pen you lost yesterday? Yes, I have found _. A. it B. one C. the one D. that one 3. I saw no more than one clock in that shop. Will you go and buy ____? A. some B. one C. any D. it 4. Last night I took a taxi, and which took me straight home. (上海高考) 5. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _. A. it B. those C. them D. one(全国高考,95-22) 6. ——There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ____? ——No, I'd rather buy ____ in the bookstore. A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it (全国高考陕西卷, 07-16)

词典encourage 【问】 She was an excellent student whose teachers encouraged her reading and writing. (Hillary, Living History) 我在英语词典只查到 encourage sb. to do 的用法,而没有查到 encourage sb. doing 的用法。请问希拉里上面的句子是否有笔误? 【答】英语里有 encourage sb. to do sth. 的用法,也有 encourage doing 的用法。如果在 doing 之 at the end/in the end 前加上物主代词形式的逻辑主语也是正确的,例如: Who encouraged his taking drugs? 谁怂恿他吸毒? 在你所援引的希拉里的句子里,her 是物主代词,而不是人称代词的宾格。如果我们把句子主语 She 改成 He,而把 her 改成 his,就可很容易地看出这一点。 由此看来,希拉里在这里并没有用错句型。 at the end/in the end 见 in(in the end) in the end/at the end 见 in(in the end) in the end/finally 见 finally from beginning to end 见 from beginning to end