问英语
原书主词条 · 11 个连续词条

day

原书 PDF 第 388—391 页

day1

the day Nicholas died

问

the day Nicholas died 是否应改为 the day Nicholas died on 或 the day when (that) Nicholas died?

答

the day Nicholas died 是正确用法, 见 day 2^{2} 。

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day2

the day on which

问

the day on which she arrived

当表示时间的名词用作中心词时,构成其定语从句的手段有多少?

答

CGEL 共提出 7 种手段, 现摘引如下, 以扩大我们的视野和提高我们的写作能力:

  1. the day on which she arrived 2. the day which she arrived on

  2. the day that she arrived on

  3. the day she arrived on

  4. the day when she arrived

  5. the day she arrived

  6. the day that she arrived 她到达的那天

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day3

a two days' leave/a two days leave

问

Did you ask for a ____ leave? A. two days' B. two-day C. two days D. two-day's

《海淀名题·高中英语语法完全解题》(东北师大出版社, p.26) 给的答案是 A。但我觉得 C 和 B 也是正确的。我的看法对吗？

答

首先应当肯定,选项 A 是正确的,因为表示时间和金钱的名词可以用所有格作定语: two days' time, five dollars' worth, a ten days' absence。但是,在现代英语里,用名词复数作定语的实例日渐增多,已被英语语法学家承认为正确用法(参见 plural attributive nouns, hyphen)。因此,选项 C 是正确的。请看下面的例证:

a ten days absence(CGEL) 十天的缺勤 five weeks vacation(同上) 五周的假期此外,选项 B 也是标准的正确用法:

  1. Apple is a five-letter word. apple(苹果)是由5个字母组成的词。

  2. a ten-day absence 10 天的缺席

  3. a four-day journey 4 天的旅行

  4. an eight-hour day 8 小时工作日

  5. a 5-day week 5 天工作日周

练习

  1. It's ____ walk from here to my school.

    1. A

      two-hours

    2. B

      two hours

    3. C

      two-hour

    4. D

      a two-hour

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day4

问

On ____ Children's Day, all ____ parks in the city were crowded with children. A. /... the B. /... / C. the... the D. the.../(上海会考,93-11) 我选了 C, 对吗?

答

答案为 A。选 C 是错误的,因为表示节日的名词之前一般是不加冠词的。如: National Day(国庆节) New Year's Day （新年） May Day(五一节) Christmas Day(圣诞节)

但 the Spring Festival(春节) 是个例外。

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day5

day/days

问

（1）All this was very interesting, but it was against the beliefs of some of the scientists of that day.

(2) Mike's methods were more advanced than those of the police of his ____. A. period B. day C. ages D. life

上两句中的 day 是否应改为 days? 因为只有 days 才做“时代”“时期”解。

答

实际上单数形式的 day 也可作“时代”“时期”解，尤其在 of(in) the(that) day, of(in) my(his, her...)day 等短语里。

  1. In my day( = In the past), things were different. 我那个时代,情况是完全不同的。

  2. He got more closely in touch with the magazines of the day. 他与那个时代的杂志取得了更加密切的联系。

  3. It(Marxism) is the philosophy of human progress in our day. 马克思主义是我们时代人类进步的哲学。

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day6

by day/by the day

问

The cars are hired by the day. 有人译作：“汽车白天出租”。对吗？

答

不对。by the day 意为“按日(计算)”:

She's paid by the day. (LDCE) 她按日领工资。

你所问的句子的意思:汽车按日出租。

by day 才是“(在)白天”的意思：

  1. I prefer to travel by day rather than by night. (Wood) 我喜欢白天旅行,而不喜欢夜间旅行。

  2. He works in an office by day and drives a taxi by night. (LDCE) 他白天在办公室工作，晚上开出租车。

练习

  1. "How did you pay these workers?" "Well, as a rule, they were paid ____.

    1. A

      by an hour

    2. B

      by the hour

    3. C

      by hours

    4. D

      by a hour(TOEFL)

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day7

in a day

问

许多语法书指出, in ten days 是指 10 天后, in a week 是指一周后, 例如, The material will be ready in ten days.

但是这种说法无法解释下面的句子：

  1. Rome was not built in a day. (Prov)

  2. I can run 200 metres in about 23 seconds. (PEU)

答

这里应当指出两点。第一，当 in a day, in a week 与过去时态连用时，常常表示动作或状态所经历的时间，因此一般译为“在……内”。

  1. I finished the examination in an hour and a half. (LEG) 我在一个半小时之内考完了。

  2. Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一天建成的。

第二, 当 in a day, in a week 与动词的将来时态或现在时态连用时, 就可能有两种情况: A. 表示“从现在开始算起的一段时间的末尾”, 一般可译为“一天后”“一周后”“一周内”:

  1. I shall come round in a day or two. (Voynich) 一两天后我就过来。

  2. The doctor will be with you in a few minutes. (Greene) 医生几分钟后就来看你。

B. 表示“(并非从现在算起的)一段时间”, 一般可译为“在……内”:

  1. Sanderson will run a mile in four minutes. 桑德森能在四分钟之内跑一英里。

  2. A fast train does the journey to London in three hours. (Wood) 乘快车,三小时就可到达伦敦。

(参见 in/within)

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day8

one day/some day

问

请讲一讲 some day 与 one day 在意义和用法上的差别。

答

some day 只用于指将来,而不能指过去,可译为“将来有一天”“将来有朝一日”。

  1. We must get together again some day. (LDCE) 将来有一天我们会再次相聚。

  2. We hope to go to the moon some day. 我们希望我们有朝一日会到月球上去。

而 one day 既可以指过去,也可以指将来,可译为“有一天”“改日”。

  1. We have lost 100 times, but one day we shall win! (LDCE) 我们失败了100次，但是终有一天会取得胜利！

  2. One day a little monkey was playing in a tall tree by the river. 有一天,一只小猴子在河边的一棵高高的树上玩耍。

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day9

one day/the other day

问

the other day 与 one day 意义是否相同?

答

the other day 只能用于指过去,其含义是“几天前”“不久以前”,可见只是用于指“较近的过去”:

  1. I saw your father the other day. (LDCE) 前几天我见到了你父亲。
  2. The other day, as I was walking up to town, I saw a strange sight. (Henderson) 前几天，当我往城里走的时候，看到了一个奇怪的景象。 one day 不仅可以用来指将来,也可以用来指过去(参见
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day10

)。用来指过去时,可以指任何时间的过去(近期的过去,遥远的过去)。

说明

)。用来指过去时,可以指任何时间的过去(近期的过去,遥远的过去)。 day10\mathbf{day}^{10} on that day 见 on day 11^{11} on the day of 见 on day12\mathbf{day}^{12} the other day/some day

问

I met her in the street ____. A. the other day B. some day C. in these days D. of the day(TOEFL教程) 请解释 the other day 与 some day 的区别。

答

the other day 指“过去不久前的某日”，可译为“几天前”（a few days ago）：

  1. Karen phoned the other day to apologize for her behaviour. (LEG) 卡伦前几天来电话对她的行为表示歉意。
  2. The daughter of a friend of mine got married the other day. (Du Maurier) 我一位朋友的女儿几天前结婚了。 some day 只能用于指将来(见 day 8^{8} )。
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day13

问

I won't forget the days ____ I lived and worked together with them. A. on which B. in which C. at which D. for when

薄冰老师解答说：“所给的四项选择中只有 in which 可选。”[《英语语法札记》(三)，外研社，p.72]。但我认为只有 on which 可选。

答

从语法上讲,如果句中是 the day 的话,应改为 on which(即 A 选项)。但是上句中用的是 the days, 故只能选 in which, 即 B 选项。因为 the days 是指时间段。

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