2.17 并列定语从句

2.17 并列定语从句

所谓并列定语从句，是指两个或两个以上的定语从句，通过and, but, or等并列连词连接共同修饰一个先行词。请看例句：

1 The errors occurring in the exam often result from the things that you don't know or that you think you know.

妙语点睛　两个定语从句that you don't know 和that you think you know由连词or连接，修饰同一个先行词the things。

精品译文　考试中所犯的错误，往往是因为某些知识点你不知道或者你认为自己知道（但实际上你不知道）。

2 Greater expense does not always equal better gift. I would much rather receive a gift that was unique or that I knew my friend had put some thought into rather than something that cost a lot of money but that I didn't need or want. I would much rather receive something that made me laugh, made me reminisce, or fit my personality than something that cost a lot but that I will just throw in my closet and forget about.

妙语点睛　这里有很多定语从句并列。其中，that was unique和that I knew my friend had put some thought into由or连接，共同修饰gift；that cost a lot of money和that I didn't need or want由but连接，共同修饰something；that cost a lot和that I will just throw in my closet and forget about由but连接，共同修饰something。

精品译文　价格昂贵的礼物并不意味着贵重，我倒希望收到的礼物是很别致的，或是我知道是朋友精心为我准备的，而不是花了很多钱却不是我所想要或需要的。我希望收到的是能够让我开心，让我回味过去的时光，或是适合我口味的礼物，而不是价格不菲，但看完之后随手就扔进储藏室，抛在脑后的礼物。

3 When we honestly ask ourselves which person in our lives means the most to us, we often find that it is those who, instead of giving much advice, solutions, or cures, have chosen rather to share our pain and touch our wounds with a gentle and tender hand. The friend who can be silent with us in a moment of despair or confusion, who can stay with us in an hour of grief and bereavement, who can tolerate not knowing, not curing, not healing and face with us the reality of our powerlessness, that is a friend who cares.

妙语点睛　这是Henry Nouwen在论及朋友时说的一番话。三个定语从句who can be silent..., who can stay with us..., who can tolerate...并列修饰friend。

精品译文　当我们坦率地问自己，哪种人在我们的生活中对我们最具有意义时，我们常常会发现，不是那些给我们很多劝告、答案或对策的人，而是那些选择分担我们的痛苦，用温柔而亲切的手抚慰我们创伤的人。朋友是那些在我们绝望或迷惘时与我们一起保持沉默，在我们悲伤和失去亲人时待在我们身边，能宽恕我们的幼稚无知、苦无良策、心痛难复，以及能与我们一起正视我们的软弱的人。那样的人才是真正关心我们的朋友。

4 Friendship is a very difficult thing. It is hard to handle. It creates many different problems. In fact I would say that friendship is as hard to handle as love is, or even marriage. Of course I am not talking about easy-come-easy-go friendship. I’m talking about friends who care deeply about each other, who support each other, and who make life worth living. I’m talking about friends who you can share almost everything with.

妙语点睛　三个定语从句who care deeply about each other, who support each other和who make life worth living并列修饰friends。

精品译文　友谊是很难处理的，有时还会带来许多各种各样的麻烦。事实上，我想说的是，友谊与爱情甚至婚姻一样难以应付。当然，我这里所说的友谊不是那种“来得快去得也快”的泛泛之交，而是那种彼此之间能真正互相关心的朋友，能够互相支持的朋友，能够让你的人生更有意义的朋友，是那种你和他们几乎可以分享一切的朋友。

注意，下面这样的定语从句不是并列定语从句：

5 He found a dollar bill that he had forgotten in a suit that he was sending to the cleaner.

妙语点睛　两个定语从句that he had forgotten in a suit和that he was sending to the cleaner的先行词各不相同，前者的先行词是a dollar bill，后者的先行词是a suit。

精品译文　他在那件正要送到洗衣店去的西服里找到了他忘记的一美元。

思维训练2.17 Key

分析下列句子结构并译成汉语。

The 20th century will not be remembered as the era when space was conquered, or the power of the atom harnessed, but that in which were made the first machines having intelligence.