4.4 不定式的作用（三）：作宾语补足语(动词+宾语+to do)

4.4 不定式的作用（三）：作宾语补足语(动词+宾语+to do)

不定式作宾语补足语，通常只放在某些特定的谓语动词后边，其基本结构是“谓语动词+宾语+to do”。请看例句：

1 There is still good availability of some of the hottest toys this Christmas, but we still advise parents and shoppers to get to stores as early as possible next week.

妙语点睛　谓语动词advise后面通常接sb. to do这样的结构，不定式作宾语补足语。

精品译文　今年圣诞节期间一些热门玩具仍货源充足，但我们还是建议家长和顾客下周尽早去商店购买。

请看其他例句：

2 Allow me to drink to your success!

精品译文　让我为你的成功干杯！（祝酒词，现在就背下来！）

3 Allow me to propose a toast to our friendship!

精品译文　我提议，为我们的友谊干杯！

4 They don't allow people to smoke in the theater.

精品译文　他们不允许在剧场内吸烟。

5 The chairman declared the meeting to be over.

精品译文　主席宣布会议结束。

6 Then our sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe.

精品译文　我们的胆怯心理往往会使我们犹豫不决、行动迟缓、不敢向前迈进一步，直到我们确信一切安全。

这个句型结构常出现在各类考试中，比如下面这道TOEFL考题：

7 In hot, dry regions, the sun's heat causes the outer layer of rocks ______, process called exfoliation.

A. are expanded and peeled away　B. to expand and peel away

C. expanding and peeling away　 D.they expand and peel away

正确答案　B。

妙语点睛　该句的谓语动词cause要求接不定式作宾语补足语，所以B正确。

精品译文　在炎热、干旱的地区，太阳的热量使得岩石外表面膨胀、剥落，这个过程叫做脱落。

能用于此结构中的动词有（具体词义和用法请查词典）：advice, allow, ask, beg, believe, cause, command, challenge, compel, declare, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, hate, have, help, instruct, intend, invite, judge, leave, let, like, mean, make, need, oblige, order, permit, persuade, prefer, press, recommend, request, remind, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, want, warn, wish （hope不可）, urge等。

另外，在let, make, have, see, hear, feel, watch, notice, listen to等动词（短语）后面的不定式作宾语补足语的句子中，to要省略。我们将在4.14节讨论这种情况。