Chapter 4 状语从句
4.9 方式状语从句
4.9 方式状语从句
方式状语从句表示动作的方式，引导词有：as，like，as if，as though和the way等。请看例句：
1 When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
妙语点睛 这是一个英语谚语，意思是“When traveling, follow the customs of the local people.”，相当于汉语中的“入乡随俗”。
我们来看上面这个例句在口语中的应用：
2 Hazel: Yak burgers? What’s a yak?
Nina: It’s a kind of long haired ox. Tibetans put yak butter in their tea as well as eating yak.
Hazel: Yak! Yuk! I wouldn’t touch it with a barge-pole!
Nina: Come on! Be adventurous! When in Rome, do as the Romans do!
Hazel: I’m not in Rome. I’m in Beijing. And when we get to Lhasa you can try it first!
请再看其他例句：
3 Do it the way you were taught. 按照教给你的那样做。
4 He looks as though/as if he is an actor. 他看上去像个演员。
我们来看一个like作连词引导方式状语从句的例句。我很喜欢这段话，它表达了一种人生态度：
5 Work like you don’t need the money.
Love like you’ve never been hurt.
Dance like nobody’s watching.
Sing like nobody’s listening.
Live like it’s heaven on earth.
写给读者的话
一、三大从句的比较
到本章为止，我们已详细讨论了英语中的三大从句：名词从句、定语从句和状语从句。因此，有必要对它们进行一个比较，以便于读者更好地认识这三大从句的特点。具体如下：
最简单的是名词从句。这一点毫无疑问。
最难的是定语从句，但相比较而言也是最重要的。真正要全面掌握并运用好定语从句，着实有点不容易。
最繁杂的是状语从句。九大类就够我们费费脑筋的了，何况还有各个不同的连词的用法以及句型结构，所以的确是够多、够杂的。不过，状语从句在结构上理解起来并没有定语从句那么难，正如我一再强调的，读者只要掌握连接词即可翻译句子。
二、本章学习思路
从本质上来讲，状语从句就是用不同的连词将几个分句连接起来，以表达分句之间特定的逻辑语义关系。因此，掌握引导九类状语从句的有关连接词的用法特点和意义是学习状语从句的关键。只要记住连接词就能够识别是何种状语从句，从而正确分析句子的结构并理解句子的意思。在具体的学习过程中，要掌握不同状语从句的各个常用的连词和句型结构，一方面便于自己在阅读中遇到时能够正确地理解和翻译，另一方面便于自己在写作等英语应用过程中使用。
三、本章重点及难点
本章重点内容包括：
1. when的用法特点，以及其各种时态搭配关系，比如“过去进行时+一般过去时”这样的时态搭配用法；
2. until的用法特点；
3. 常见的表示原因的连词和介词，注意连词后面不能用名词短语，而介词后面不能接从句；
4. 结果状语从句so…that与such…that在用法上的区别；
5. 结果状语从句的倒装结构；
6. 常见的表示让步的连词和介词，注意连词后面不能用名词短语，而介词后面不能接从句；
7. 引导比较从句的as和than的用法特点，包括他们的倒装结构，以及表示倍数比较的三种句型。
本章内容理解起来并不难，但由于内容多而杂，所以建议读者在学习这一章时要有耐心和细心，不要混淆了各个状语从句连词的含义。
四、本章学习时间安排
读者可以花七天左右的时间认真研读本章所讲解的内容。在学完第一遍之后，建议读者再反复研读几次，这样在自己造句写作时，方能做到信手拈来、运用自如。
综合训练 Key
一、请选择最佳答案填空。
1. Poor ______ he is, he is honest and kind.
A. that
B. however
C. because
D. although
2. ______ apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand considerable impact.
A. In spite of
B. As
C. Although
D. Despite
3. ______ native to Europe, the daisy （雏菊）has now spread throughout most of North America.
A. Although
B. In spite of
C. If it were
D. That it is
4. Not until I shouted at the top of my voice ______ his head.
A. that he turned
B. did he turn
C. he didn’t turn
D. he had turned
5. Dew is formed ______ the grass is thick.
A. while
B. where
C. when
D. until
6. You can find him ______ he works.
A. when
B. where
C. which
D. as
7. ______ some flowers contain more nectar than others, how does a honeybee worker, faced with a patch of flowers containing variable amounts of nectar, decide when to stop collecting.
A. Given that
B. Giving that
C. To give
D. Being given
8. He wrote down the address ______ he should forget it.
A. in case not
B. lest
C. in order that
D. of fear that
9. Let’s take the front seats ______ we may have a better view.
A. so as to
B. in order to
C. in order
D. that
10. ______ many children have bought balloons ______ the store is now out of stock.
A. So; that
B. Such; that
C. Such a; that
D. So; as to
11. Let’s finish our work ______ we can be free this evening.
A. now that
B. than
C. because
D. so that
12. Batteries must be kept in dry places ______ electricity should leak away.
A. where
B. lest
C. that
D. unless
13. The motorist looked over the engine carefully ______ on the way.
A. so that it should go wrong
B. lest it should go wrong
C. in order that should not go wrong
D. for fear that it should not go wrong
14. This approach is superior to that one ______ it provides explicit accounts.
A. in which
B. in this way
C. in that
D. in order that
15. ______, he remains stupid.
A. Though his learning
B. Through all his learning
C. For all his learning
D. However his learning
16. ______, electrons are still smaller.
A. As small atoms are
B. Small as atoms are
C. As atoms are small
D. Are small atoms
17. It was not until the eleventh century that ______
A. the detective found out the truth
B. did the detective find out the truth
C. had the detective find out the truth
D. had the detective found out the truth
18. ______, he failed to pass the test.
A. Hard although he tried
B. He tried hard, though
C. Hard as he tried
D. Though hard as he tried
19. ______, the fire men were unable to quench the fire.
A. Try they would
B. As they tried
C. What they tried
D. Try as they would
20. Angiosperms inhabit relatively diverse environments and may be found ______ higher plants can survive.
A. there
B. where
C. somewhere
D. then
21. ______, he still retained the use of all his faculties.
A. Because he was old and weak
B. As he was old and weak
C. Unless he was old and weak
D. Old and weak as he was
22. The agency agreed to do the job ______ that the fee was high enough.
A. so long
B. only
C. such
D. provided
23. No sooner had we started the experiment ______ we stopped it because of the cut-off of water.
A. than
B. when
C. then
D. as
24. It was not until she had arrived home ______ remembered her appointment with the doctor.
A. when she
B. that she
C. and she
D. she
25. The lower ______ in a room, the more slowly our eyes focus.
A. the level of lighting
B. light level
C. leveling of light
D. lighting is level
26. ______ no conclusive evidence exists, many experts believe that the wheel was invented only once and then diffused to the rest of the world.
A. Even
B. But
C. Although
D. So
27. Gorillas are quiet animals, ______ they are capable of making about 20 different sounds.
A. whether
B. which
C. even though
D. as well as
二、辨别改错。
28. Since rats are destructive 【A】and may carry 【B】disease, therefore many 【C】cities try to exterminate 【D】them.
29. The southwestern portion 【A】of the United States is a land of little 【B】rain, and parts of it are too 【C】dry that they are 【D】called deserts.
30. The black leopard is very 【A】dark that its 【B】spots are difficult 【C】to see【D】.
31. The speaker claimed that no other 【A】modern nation devotes so small【B】 a portion of its wealth to public assistance and health than【C】 the United States does【D】.
32. Saturn is the second largest 【A】planet after 【B】Jupiter, with 【C】a diameter nearly ten times those of 【D】Earth.